President Trump’s September 2025 Proclamation imposes a $100,000 fee on new H-1B visa petitions under § 212(f) of the INA, raising constitutional concerns over presidential taxation power, separation of powers, and equal protection. The measure is expected to face litigation testing the limits of executive authority in immigration policy.

Guest writer Rosa Arabelle Bartle takes an in-depth look at the Trump Administration's latest revisions to the US immigration architecture.